Canada's initial report in May 2023 highlighted China as the "most persistent and sophisticated" threat, the final report placed India second in terms of electoral interference.

While the initial report in May last year had pointed to China as the “most persistent and sophisticated foreign interference threat to Canada,” the final report lays out the ways in which India has become the “second most active country engaging in electoral foreign interference in Canada.

India strongly rejected ”insinuations” made against it in a report by a Canadian commission that investigated allegations that certain foreign governments were meddling into Canada’s elections.

An inquiry into foreign interference in Canada’s recent elections is calling on intelligence agencies and the federal government to urgently reform how they respond to meddling by China, India and other state actors before the next national vote.