Ecology is studied at different levels: individual, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere (these pictures are from a different text). Understanding interactions may help in the removal and/or ...
Hypoxia is an environmental Stressor that affects abundance, biomass, diversity, and ecosystem function of benthic assemblages worldwide, yet its collective impact at individual, population, and ...
1. Historical conceptual divisions in ecology are dissolving as ecologists seek general currencies for understanding plant function, population dynamics, species interactions and ecosystem processes.
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