Ecology is studied at different levels: individual, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere (these pictures are from a different text). Understanding interactions may help in the removal and/or ...

We integrated across individual, population, community, and ecosystem levels to understand the impact of environmental stress by tracking the foundation species Mytilus edulis in the hypoxic estuary ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Journal Information Ecology publishes articles that report on the basic elements of ecological research. Emphasis is placed on concise, clear articles ...