Species play essential roles in ecosystems, so local and global ... such that as the number of species in the community goes up, the average population sizes of the species in the community ...

CalCOFI is a long-term, interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral ecosystem research program off the coast of California that holistically studies the physics, biogeochemistry, and biology of the marine ...

Ecology is studied at different levels: individual, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere (these pictures are from a different text). Understanding interactions may help in the removal and/or ...

Secondary production is an ecosystem (energy flow) concept that is measured using a population technique. Textbooks rarely mention that it can address population/community questions as well.

A theoretical perspective to the study of community and ecosystem ecology examining the role of interactions between two or more species and their environment. Topics covered include techniques of ...

In ecosystems that had more stable, less diverse populations, with stronger interactions between species, invasions were more likely to fail. Regardless of whether the community was stable or ...