Current sources are widely used in industrial control systems to transport analog process signals over long distances, but they are less widely used than voltage sources. This post loosely reviews the ...

The two methods for testing DC-DC stability. Frequency behavior with buck VM and CM architectures. Compensators for VM and CM architectures. Aligning the time constants of the LC filter to close the ...

Voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) are pivotal components in modern communications and signal processing, where their ability to generate a stable yet tunable signal is paramount. The performance ...

A simple extension of a previous class A/B differential output amp DI that creates a square-law characteristic.