The atoms bond because there is a strong enough attraction in both directions and room for the electrons in the outer energy level of the atoms. When two hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom get close ...

These spin-born differences in the energy level of an atom are known ... of the internal structure of the proton." Ultimately, hyperfine splitting in hydrogen is caused by the interaction of ...

These spin-born differences in the energy level of an atom are known as ... but compatible proton spin structure data to calculations of hyperfine splitting in hydrogen. This cut the uncertainty ...