Ligation of the access vein can cause a central extension of the thrombus from the cephalic vein to deeper large veins. [9] Endothelial disruption caused by repeated trauma from the leads is ...

It is the lower, or inferior, part of the vena cava—a large vein also made up of the superior vena cava that carries blood from the head, neck, arms, and chest in the upper body to the heart.

it can be a symptom of lung cancer as it can be caused by a blockage in the superior vena cava (SVC). This blockage occurs when tumours near the SVC press on the vein or surrounding area ...

The domestic ferret, though not as common a laboratory animal as the rat or mouse, serves as a model in critical research areas, including influenza biology and vaccine development. Studies ...

The differential diagnoses of SVC syndrome include cardiac tamponade and right ventricular dysfunction. Dedicated cardiac imaging with echocardiography can distinguish between these diagnoses ...