DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER: A differential amplifier built using two NPN BJTs. It is powered by a dual ±20 V supply and uses matched resistors for symmetry. The circuit amplifies the difference between two input signals—one at 1 kHz and the other at 2 kHz—while rejecting any common-mode signals. The shared emitter resistor (100 Ω) provides negative feedback, improving linearity and stability. Differential amplifiers like this are commonly used in analog signal processing @and the input stages of op-

This simulation demonstrates the working of a BJT differential amplifier under dynamic signal conditions. Two matched transistors share a common emitter resistance, forming a long-tailed pair. When a sinusoidal input is applied, the tail current remains almost constant, forcing current redistribution between the two transistors. As one transistor conducts more, the other conducts less, producing equal-magnitude but opposite-phase outputs at the collectors. The waveform plot clearly shows this ph

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